The Information and Communication Technology (ICT) Division of the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh plays a vital role in the country’s development by driving digital transformation, promoting technology-based economic growth, and fostering a culture of innovation. Established as part of the Ministry of Posts, Telecommunications and Information Technology, the ICT Division is at the forefront of Bangladesh’s journey toward becoming a knowledge-based economy. This analysis examines the historical context, strategic initiatives, projects, achievements, and future goals of the ICT Division, which collectively support Bangladesh’s ambitions for growth and modernization.

1. Historical Context and Formation

The ICT Division was formed to address the rapid changes and growth opportunities presented by the ICT sector. With the global economy increasingly influenced by digital tools and data, Bangladesh recognized the importance of embracing ICT to enhance productivity, enable innovation, and improve public services. The ICT Division was structured to focus on digital governance, information technology infrastructure, and human resource development, all geared toward supporting Digital Bangladesh — a vision introduced in 2009.

2. Vision: Digital Bangladesh

Digital Bangladesh is an ambitious initiative aimed at transforming the country into a digitally empowered society by 2021, a vision that aligns with the nation’s 50th anniversary of independence. Its core components include e-governance, human resource development, IT industry promotion, and connectivity. Through this program, the ICT Division has focused on bridging the digital divide, improving citizen services, and encouraging economic growth through ICT.

3. Key Objectives of the ICT Division

The ICT Division has several primary objectives that shape its strategic direction:

  • Promote Digital Infrastructure Development: The division works to establish digital infrastructure to facilitate high-speed internet connectivity, expand broadband access, and support the rollout of 4G and future 5G networks.
  • Foster Human Capital Development: By building digital skills, the ICT Division seeks to prepare the workforce for the demands of the modern economy.
  • Encourage ICT Industry Growth: The division aims to create a thriving ICT industry, supporting both foreign investment and local entrepreneurship.
  • Enhance Government Efficiency and Transparency: The implementation of e-governance aims to make government services more accessible, efficient, and transparent.
  • Drive Innovation and Research: The division promotes research, development, and innovation in ICT to support technological advancement.

4. Strategic Initiatives and Programs

The ICT Division has implemented numerous initiatives to realize its objectives. Some of the notable programs include:

a. Establishing High-Tech Parks and IT Villages

The creation of high-tech parks across Bangladesh is a significant initiative to encourage ICT-based industries. These parks serve as hubs for ICT companies, providing them with the infrastructure, support, and environment needed to grow and innovate. High-tech parks like the Bangabandhu Hi-Tech City and Sheikh Hasina Software Technology Park have been instrumental in attracting foreign investment, creating jobs, and boosting the export of ICT products.

b. Skills Development and Training Programs

The ICT Division runs multiple training programs to develop digital skills across various sectors of society. Programs such as Learning and Earning Development Project (LEDP) and She Power Project focus on enhancing skills for young people, with an emphasis on empowering women in technology fields. These initiatives aim to create a workforce proficient in digital skills, thereby supporting Bangladesh’s competitiveness in the global digital economy.

c. E-Government and Digital Services

The ICT Division has made strides in digitizing government services to improve efficiency and citizen satisfaction. Projects like e-GP (Electronic Government Procurement) and NID Online allow citizens to access services digitally, thus reducing the need for physical visits to government offices. Moreover, the development of the National Data Center has enabled secure and efficient data storage and management for government agencies, bolstering the country’s digital governance framework.

d. Cybersecurity and Digital Security Act

With digital transformation comes the need for robust cybersecurity. The ICT Division has developed policies and frameworks to safeguard data and ensure the security of digital systems. The Digital Security Act, introduced to combat cybercrimes, provides a legal structure for addressing digital security threats. Additionally, the division has worked on establishing the Bangladesh Computer Council’s Cyber Security Agency to monitor and protect against cyber threats.

e. Supporting Startups and Entrepreneurship

To cultivate innovation and support new business models, the ICT Division has established several startup initiatives, including Innovation Design and Entrepreneurship Academy (iDEA) and Startup Bangladesh Limited. These platforms provide startups with funding, mentorship, and networking opportunities. They play a crucial role in developing a vibrant ecosystem for entrepreneurship in Bangladesh, fostering innovation and enabling local solutions to local challenges.

f. Bangladesh’s ICT Export Promotion

Bangladesh has gained recognition as a destination for IT outsourcing, with a growing share of global business process outsourcing (BPO) services. The ICT Division actively promotes the export of ICT services and products through trade fairs, exhibitions, and collaborations with international partners. Through initiatives such as Digital Bangladesh Vision 2021, the ICT Division aims to expand Bangladesh’s ICT export footprint, contributing to foreign exchange earnings and enhancing economic resilience.

5. Achievements and Impact

The ICT Division’s initiatives have yielded significant results, marking Bangladesh’s position on the global digital stage:

a. Growth in Digital Literacy and Employment

Digital literacy programs and skills training have enabled thousands of young Bangladeshis to participate in the digital economy. Through initiatives like LEDP, the ICT Division has trained over half a million people, opening opportunities in freelancing, BPO, and ICT-enabled services. The contribution of the ICT sector to employment has seen substantial growth, with ICT services now employing a large portion of the youth.

b. E-Government Readiness and Improved Public Services

Bangladesh has improved its ranking in the United Nations E-Government Development Index (EGDI), reflecting advancements in digital government services. Citizens can now access a wide range of online services, from applying for passports to paying utility bills, contributing to improved service delivery and greater government transparency.

c. Rising ICT Exports

The export of ICT services from Bangladesh has experienced impressive growth, driven by the government’s commitment to making the country a BPO and software services hub. Major markets for Bangladeshi ICT products include North America, Europe, and East Asia, with exports contributing significantly to the national economy.

d. Gender Inclusion in ICT

The ICT Division has also focused on bridging the gender gap in technology through initiatives like She Power Project. By providing training and resources to women, these programs aim to increase female participation in ICT fields, thereby promoting inclusivity in the digital workforce.

e. Recognition in Global Technology Rankings

Bangladesh’s strides in ICT have earned international recognition. For instance, the Global Services Location Index by A.T. Kearney has listed Bangladesh as a top destination for IT and business process outsourcing services, reflecting its growth as a global ICT player.

6. Challenges and Areas for Improvement

While the ICT Division has made substantial progress, several challenges remain:

a. Infrastructure Gaps

The expansion of digital infrastructure, particularly in rural and underserved areas, remains a challenge. Limited access to high-speed internet and reliable power sources in remote areas restricts the potential of ICT to uplift marginalized communities.

b. Cybersecurity Threats

With increasing digital reliance, cybersecurity remains a significant concern. Although the Digital Security Act provides a framework, there is a need for continuous improvement in cybersecurity practices to address evolving threats, enhance data protection, and build public trust.

c. Talent Retention

While the ICT Division has succeeded in developing digital skills, retaining skilled talent poses a challenge. Many skilled professionals migrate abroad for better opportunities, leading to a talent drain that affects the ICT sector’s sustainability.

d. Policy and Regulatory Challenges

The ICT sector operates in a rapidly evolving global landscape, requiring agile and responsive regulatory frameworks. Outdated policies and regulatory challenges can hinder the progress of the ICT sector, affecting its ability to compete globally.

7. Future Prospects and Vision Beyond 2021

The ICT Division envisions a future where Bangladesh becomes a fully digital and knowledge-based economy. As part of its vision for 2041, the division aims to enhance digital inclusion, promote innovation, and achieve high growth in ICT exports. With the support of initiatives like Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041, the government plans to leverage emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, machine learning, and blockchain, thereby positioning Bangladesh as a leader in the global technology landscape.

a. Embracing Emerging Technologies

The ICT Division is looking to advance the application of emerging technologies across sectors. Artificial intelligence, data analytics, blockchain, and the Internet of Things (IoT) are expected to play a vital role in the next phase of Bangladesh’s digital transformation. Pilot projects and collaborations with tech firms are already underway to explore the potential of these technologies in areas like agriculture, healthcare, and urban management.

b. Expanding Regional and International Partnerships

To accelerate growth, the ICT Division plans to forge stronger international partnerships. These collaborations can support technology transfer, capacity building, and access to global markets, further positioning Bangladesh as a regional technology hub.

ICT Division Act: Foundations for a Digital Future

The Information and Communication Technology Act of 2006 (amended in 2009 and 2013) is a comprehensive legal framework that governs ICT activities in Bangladesh. The Act’s primary objectives are to encourage the use of ICT for sustainable economic development, protect online users, and ensure legal standards in digital transactions. Some key provisions include:

  1. Promotion of E-Commerce: The Act facilitates online business operations by defining regulations for digital transactions, electronic contracts, and e-signatures.
  2. Cybersecurity and Data Protection: It outlines measures to counter cybercrimes and protect personal data, empowering the government to take action against malicious online activities.
  3. Digital Inclusion: The Act mandates initiatives that bridge the digital divide, providing ICT access to underserved communities.
  4. Protection of Intellectual Property: Ensuring digital content protection, the Act combats digital piracy and safeguards intellectual property rights in the digital realm.
  5. Digital Security Act of 2018: This supplementary Act focuses specifically on cybersecurity, safeguarding digital transactions, and addressing emerging challenges in online security, complementing the broader ICT Act.

Affiliate Offices: Pillars of ICT Development

The ICT Division’s affiliate offices serve as specialized bodies that drive various ICT initiatives. Here’s a deeper look at these agencies:

1. Bangladesh Computer Council (BCC)

  • Role: BCC is the core technical agency for ICT policy implementation and technological infrastructure in government sectors. It manages IT projects, including infrastructure development, research, and capacity building.
  • Key Initiatives:
    • National Data Center: A high-capacity data storage facility centralizing digital government data, improving service delivery and e-governance.
    • Computer Literacy and Training: BCC conducts training programs across the country to boost digital literacy, particularly in rural areas.

2. Bangladesh Hi-Tech Park Authority (BHTPA)

  • Role: BHTPA develops high-tech parks and IT villages to create conducive environments for IT and IT-enabled services. These parks host tech companies, offering them facilities, infrastructure, and policy support.
  • Flagship Projects:
    • Bangabandhu Hi-Tech City, Kaliakoir: One of the largest IT hubs in South Asia, this park attracts both local and international technology companies.
    • Sheikh Hasina Software Technology Park: Situated in Jessore, this park is a dedicated space for software development and IT services, supporting entrepreneurs and startups.

3. Controller of Certifying Authorities (CCA)

  • Role: CCA manages the certification and regulation of digital signatures, which are critical for secure online transactions. This agency enforces standards for electronic authentication, improving security in digital interactions.
  • Services:
    • Digital Certificates for Businesses and Individuals: Providing certification that ensures the security and authenticity of online transactions, CCA supports safe e-commerce operations.

4. Digital Security Agency (DSA)

  • Role: Tasked with overseeing the country’s digital security, DSA develops policies, responses, and strategies to prevent and respond to cybersecurity threats.
  • Key Functions:
    • Cyber Incident Response: DSA offers technical assistance and rapid response in cases of digital security breaches and cyber-attacks.
    • Awareness and Training Programs: Conducts cybersecurity awareness and training sessions to educate businesses and citizens on digital safety best practices.

Flagship Projects and Initiatives of the ICT Division

The ICT Division has completed numerous projects that shape Bangladesh’s digital landscape. Each of these projects aligns with the Digital Bangladesh vision, contributing to economic growth, digital inclusion, and sustainable development.

1. Learning and Earning Development Project (LEDP)

  • Objective: To empower the youth by providing them with practical skills in digital freelancing and outsourcing. This project supports the goal of creating a globally competitive workforce in Bangladesh.
  • Achievements:
    • Skill Development: Over 500,000 individuals have received training under LEDP, many of whom have entered the global freelancing market.
    • Employment Opportunities: Many trainees have successfully secured online jobs, contributing to the rise of Bangladesh as a top freelancing nation.

2. She Power Project

  • Objective: To empower women by providing digital skills training and resources to encourage female participation in the ICT sector.
  • Impact:
    • Gender Equality: The project supports Bangladesh’s national goal of gender equality, equipping women with the skills to excel in technology fields.
    • Economic Empowerment: Many women who completed this program now work in ICT roles, contributing to economic growth and improving their communities.

3. National Data Center

  • Purpose: To centralize and secure digital data for the government, improving data management, disaster recovery, and service efficiency.
  • Features:
    • Cloud and Storage Capabilities: Offering robust storage for government and private data, enabling cloud-based services.
    • Digital Governance: The data center supports key government services, ensuring efficient and uninterrupted online services.

4. E-Government Procurement (e-GP)

  • Goal: To bring transparency and efficiency to government procurement through an online platform.
  • Results:
    • Increased Transparency: By digitizing procurement, e-GP has reduced corruption, saving resources and ensuring fair competition.
    • Improved Efficiency: Government departments can now process procurement faster, ensuring timely project implementation.

5. Startup Bangladesh Initiative

  • Aim: To support and nurture startups through funding, mentorship, and a collaborative environment.
  • Programs:
    • Funding Support: Provides financial assistance to early-stage startups, supporting local innovation.
    • Innovation Hubs: Startup Bangladesh runs innovation hubs and incubators that give startups access to resources, training, and networking opportunities.

6. Sheikh Kamal IT Training and Incubation Centers

  • Purpose: To foster ICT skills and entrepreneurship in different regions of Bangladesh.
  • Functions:
    • Skill Development: Offers ICT-related training, especially in software development and business process outsourcing.
    • Startup Support: The centers also serve as incubation hubs for new entrepreneurs, enabling them to innovate and scale their ideas.

Digital Transformation and the Vision for 2041

The ICT Division’s Smart Bangladesh Vision 2041 outlines plans to make Bangladesh a fully digital, knowledge-based economy. This long-term vision emphasizes:

  1. Digital Inclusion and Accessibility: Ensuring affordable and equitable access to digital services for every citizen, particularly in rural and underserved areas.
  2. Adoption of Emerging Technologies: The government plans to integrate artificial intelligence, blockchain, and IoT across industries to improve services and boost productivity.
  3. Sustainability in Digital Development: Future initiatives will focus on environmentally sustainable technology solutions to balance growth and ecological impact.

Digital Bangladesh Website and Resources

The ICT Division’s online resources offer access to news, project details, training programs, and services for citizens and businesses:

  • Website: ictd.gov.bd
    • The official portal for all information related to ICT Division activities, ongoing projects, policies, and news updates.
    • Provides information on upcoming training, grant applications, digital literacy programs, and entrepreneurship resources.
  • Bangladesh Hi-Tech Park Authority Website: bhtpa.gov.bd
    • Dedicated to information on high-tech parks, investor resources, and business support services.
  • Bangladesh Computer Council Website: bcc.gov.bd
    • Offers resources for training programs, cybersecurity guidelines, and government ICT projects.

Head Office and Contact Information

  • Head Office Address:
    ICT Division,
    ICT Tower, Agargaon,
    Sher-E-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka 1207,
    Bangladesh.
  • Telephone: +880-2-55006848
  • Email: [email protected]

The ICT Division of the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh has been instrumental in transforming the nation into an emerging digital economy. Through strategic initiatives in digital infrastructure, skills development, and industry promotion, the division has made considerable strides toward achieving Digital Bangladesh. While challenges remain, the ICT Division’s forward-looking vision, coupled with robust policies and international collaborations, holds promise for a digitally inclusive and prosperous Bangladesh. As the country transitions to Smart Bangladesh by 2041, the ICT Division’s role will be critical in creating a future that leverages technology for sustainable development and global competitiveness.